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  • Butterflies
    • Butterfly Systematic List
    • Butterfly Thumbnails
    • 56. PAPILIONIDAE >
      • Parnasiinae >
        • 001.Apollo/Crimson-ringed
      • Papilioninae >
        • 002.Scarce Swallowtail
        • 003.Swallowtail
    • 57. HESPERIIDAE >
      • Pyrginae >
        • 001.Dingy Skipper
        • 0011.Mallow Skipper
        • 002.Grizzled Skipper
        • 6883.False Mallow Skipper
        • 6895.Sage Skipper
        • 6899.Safflower Skipper
      • Heteropterinae >
        • 004.Chequered Skipper
      • Hesperiinae >
        • 005.Essex Skipper
        • 006.Small Skipper
        • 007.Lulworth Skipper
        • 008.Silver-spotted Skipper
        • 009.Large Skipper
        • 6932.Pigmy Skipper
        • 6933.Mediterranean Skipper
    • 58. PIERIDAE >
      • Dismorphiinae >
        • 001.Wood White
      • Pierinae >
        • 003.Orange-tip
        • 005.Black-veined White
        • 006.Large White
        • 007.Small White
        • 008.Green-veined White
        • 009.Bath White
        • 7005.Eastern Bath White
      • Coliadinae >
        • 7014.Eastern Clouded Yellow
        • 010.Clouded Yellow
        • 012.Berger's Clouded Yellow
        • 013.Brimstone
        • 014.Cleopatra
    • 59. NYMPHALIDAE >
      • Danainae >
        • 001.Monarch
      • Satyrinae >
        • 002.Wall
        • 003.Speckled Wood
        • 005.Small Heath
        • 007.Mountain Ringlet
        • 008.Scotch Argus
        • 009.Ringlet
        • 010.Meadow Brown
        • 011.Gatekeeper
        • 012.Marbled White
        • 013.Grayling
        • 7447.Great Banded Grayling
      • Heliconiinae >
        • 014.Pearl-bordered Fritillary
        • 015.Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary
        • 017.Silver-washed Fritillary
        • 019.Dark Green Fritillary
        • 020.High Brown Fritillary
      • Limenitidinae >
        • 021.White Admiral
      • Apaturinae >
        • 022.Purple Emperor
      • Nymphalinae >
        • 023.Red Admiral
        • 024.Painted Lady
        • 026.Peacock
        • 027.Small Tortoiseshell
        • 028.Camberwell Beauty
        • 029.Large Tortoiseshell
        • 031.Comma
        • 033.Marsh Fritillary
        • 034.Glanville Fritillary
        • 035.Spotted Fritillary
        • 036.Heath Fritillary
        • 7271.Knapweed Fritillary
    • 60. RIODINIDAE >
      • Riodininae >
        • 001.Duke of Burgundy
    • 61. LYCAENIDAE >
      • Lycaeninae >
        • 001.Small Copper
        • 7043.Lesser Fiery Copper
        • 0023 Purple-shot Copper
      • Theclinae >
        • 003.Brown Hairstreak
        • 004.Purple Hairstreak
        • 005.Green Hairstreak
        • 006.White-letter Hairstreak
        • 007.Black Hairstreak
      • Polyommatinae >
        • 008.Long-tailed Blue
        • 0081.Geranium Bronze
        • 009.Lang's Short-tailed Blue
        • 7120.Grass Jewel
        • 7085.African Grass Blue
        • 010.Small Blue
        • 012.Holly Blue
        • 013.Large Blue
        • 014.Silver-studded Blue
        • 015.Brown Argus
        • 016.Northern Brown Argus
        • 7144.Southern Brown Argus
        • 018.Common Blue
        • 019.Adonis Blue
        • 020.Chalk Hill Blue
  • Moths 1
    • Moth Systematic List
    • Moth Thumbnails >
      • Moths 1
      • Moths 2
    • 1.MICROPTERIGIDAE >
      • 003.Micropterix aureatella
      • 004.Micropterix aruncella
      • 005.Micropterix calthella
    • 2. ERIOCRANIIDAE >
      • 001.Dyseriocrania subpurpurella
    • 3. HEPIALIDAE >
      • 001.Orange Swift
      • 002.Common Swift
      • 003.Map-winged Swift
      • 004.Gold Swift
      • 005.Ghost Moth
    • 4. NEPTICULIDAE >
      • Nepticulinae >
        • 091. Ectoedemia heringi
    • 7. ADELIDAE >
      • Adelinae >
        • 001.Nemophora degeerella
        • 004.Nemophora fasciella
        • 005.Nemophora minimella
        • 006.Adela reaumurella
        • 007.Adela cuprella
        • 008.Adela croesella
        • 009.Cauchas fibulella
        • 010.Cauchas rufimitrella
      • Nematopogoninae >
        • 015.Nematopogon swammerdamella
    • 8. INCURVARIIDAE >
      • Incurvariinae >
        • 001.Incurvaria pectinea
    • 10. TISCHERIIDAE >
      • 002.Tischeria dodonaea
    • 11. PSYCHIDAE >
      • Naryciinae >
        • 002.Narycia duplicella
      • Taleporiinae >
        • 006.Taleporia tubulosa
      • Oiketicinae >
        • 017.Pachythelia villosella
    • 12. TINEIDAE >
      • Nemapogoninae >
        • 011.Triaxomera fulvimitrella
        • 016.Cork Moth
        • 021.Nemapogon clematella
      • Tineinae >
        • 025.Tapestry Moth
        • 027. Case-bearing Clothes Moth
        • 032.Tinea semifulvella
        • 033.Tinea trinotella
        • 037.Monopis weaverella
        • 039.Monopis crocicapitella
    • 13.ROESLERSTMIIDAE >
      • 002.Roeslerstammia erxlebella
    • 15. GRACILLARIIDAE >
      • Gracillariinae >
        • 001.Parectopa ononidis
        • 009.Caloptilia robustella
        • 012.Caloptilia semifascia
        • 014.Gracillaria syringella
        • 015.Aspilapteryx tringipennella
        • 0201.Dialectica scalariella
      • Lithocolletinae >
        • 034.Phyllonorycter harrisella
        • 039.Phyllonorycter quercifoliella
        • 083.Phyllonorycter trifasciella
    • 16. YPONOMEUTIDAE >
      • Yponomeutinae >
        • 001.Bird-cherry Ermine
        • 002.Orchard Ermine
        • 004.Spindle Ermine
        • 007.Yponomeuta plumbella
        • 010.Zelleria hepariella
        • 011.Zelleria oleastrella
    • 17. YPSOLOPHIDAE >
      • Ypsolophinae >
        • 001.Ypsolopha mucronella
        • 002.Ypsolopha nemorella
        • 003.Honeysuckle Moth
        • 005.Ypsolopha scabrella
        • 010.Ypsolopha parenthesella
        • 011.Ypsolopha ustella
        • 12.Ypsolopha sequella
    • 18. PLUTELLIDAE >
      • 001.Diamond-back Moth
      • 003.Plutella porrectella
    • 19. GLYPHIPTERIGIDAE >
      • Glyphipteriginae >
        • 003.Glyphipterix fuscoviridella
        • 007.Cocksfoot Moth
      • Acrolepiinae >
        • 013.Acrolepiopsis marcidella
        • 014.Acrolepia autumnitella
    • 20. ARGYRESTHIIDAE >
      • 005.Argyresthia trifasciata
      • 008.Argyresthia abdominalis
      • 012.Argyresthia goedartella
      • 015.Argyresthia curvella
      • 021. Cherry Fruit Moth
      • 022.Argyresthia bonnetella
    • 21. LYONETIIDAE >
      • Cemiostominae >
        • 006.Leucoptera lathyrifoliella
    • 22. PRAYDIDAE >
      • 002.Ash Bud Moth
    • 27. AUTOSTICHIDAE >
      • Symmocinae >
        • 001.Oegoconia quadripuncta
    • 28. OECOPHORIDAE >
      • Oecophorinae >
        • 008.Metalampra italica
        • 009.White-shouldered House-moth
        • 010.Brown House-moth
        • 014.Crassa unitella
        • 015.Batia lunaris
        • 019.Esperia sulphurella
        • 022.Alabonia geoffrella
        • 024.Tachystola acroxantha
        • 025.Pleurota bicostella
    • 29. CHIMABACHIDAE >
      • 001.Diurnea fagella
    • 31.PELEOPODIDAE >
      • 001.Carcina quercana
    • 32. DEPRESSARIIDAE >
      • Depressariinae >
        • 008.Agonopterix liturosa
        • 011.Agonopterix scopariella
        • 015.Agonopterix subpropinquella
        • 017.Agonopterix arenella
        • 018.Agonopterix heracliana
        • 026.Agonopterix kaekeritziana
        • 029.Agonopterix umbellana
        • 031. Agonopterix alstromeriana
        • 035.Agonopterix yeatiana
        • 036.Parsnip Moth
        • 039 - Depressaria daucella
        • 042.Depressaria pulcherrimella
        • 044.Depressaria douglasella
        • 050.Telechrysis tripuncta
    • 33. ETHMIIDAE >
      • Ethmiinae >
        • 001.Ethmia dodecea
        • 006.Ethmia bipunctella
    • 34.COSMOPTERIGIDAE >
      • Cosmopteriginae >
        • 004.Limnaecia phragmitella
        • 008.Cosmopterix scribaiella
        • 009.Cosmopterix pulchrimella
        • 010.Cosmopterix lienigiella
        • 011.Pyroderces argyrogrammos
    • 35. GELECHIIDAE >
      • Anacampsinae >
        • 002.Syncopacma cinctella
        • 004.Syncopacma taeniolella
        • 009.Syncopacma polychromella
        • 010.Aproaerema anthyllidella
        • 018.Hypatima rhomboidella
      • Dichomeridinae >
        • 022.Juniper Webber
        • 025.Dichomeris alacella
        • 028.Brachmia blandella
      • Anomologinae >
        • 040.Bryotropha terrella
        • 047.Bryotropha affinis
        • 050.Aristotelia ericinella
        • 055.Metzneria aestivella
        • 058.Metzneria metzneriella
        • 059.Metzneria aprilella
        • 060.Apodia bifractella
        • 061.Ptocheuusa paupella
        • 081.Eulamprotes atrella
      • Gelechiinae >
        • 123.Scrobipalpa costella
        • 143.Teleiodes luculella
        • 146.Teleiopsis diffinis
        • 149.Carpatolechia alburnella
        • 151.Carpatolechia proximella
        • 161.Parachronistis albiceps
    • 37. COLEOPHORIDAE >
      • 033.Coleophora trifolii
      • 050.Coleophora albidella
      • 051.Coleophora kuehnella
      • 059.Coleophora vibicella
      • 108.Coleophora salicorniae
    • 38. ELACHISTIDAE >
      • 004.Elachista argentella
    • 39.PARAMETRIOTIDAE >
      • 001.Blastodacna hellerella
      • 003.Spuleria flavicaput
    • 40.MOMPHIDAE >
      • 002.Mompha ochraceella
      • 003.Mompha lacteella
      • 004.Mompha propinquella
      • 011.Mompha langiella
    • 41. BLASTOBASIDAE >
      • 002.Blastobasis adustella
      • 003.Blastobasis lacticolella
      • 005.Blastobasis rebeli
    • 43.SCYTHRIDIDAE >
      • .009.Scythris empetrella
    • 44. ALUCITIDAE >
      • 001.Twenty-plume Moth
    • 45. PTEROPHORIDAE >
      • Pterophorinae >
        • 008.Yarrow Plume
        • 010.Beautiful Plume
        • 011.Brindled Plume
        • 012.Brown Plume
        • 023.Crescent Plume
        • 028.Wood Sage Plume
        • 029.Sundew Plume
        • 030.White Plume
        • 031.Spotted White Plume
        • 033.Thyme Plume
        • 034.Dingy White Plume
        • 035.Horehound Plume
        • 044.Common Plume
    • 48. CHOREUTIDAE >
      • Choreutinae >
        • 001.Nettle-tap
        • 003.Prochoreutis sehestediana
        • 007.Apple Leaf Skeletonizer
    • 49. TORTRICIDAE >
      • Chlidanotinae >
        • 001.Olindia schumacherana
        • 002.Isotrias rectifasciana
      • Tortricinae >
        • 003.Sparganothis pilleriana
        • 004.Red-barred Tortrix
        • 005.Epagoge grotiana
        • 011.Archips oporana
        • 013.Large Fruit-tree Tortrix
        • 015.Variegated Golden Tortrix
        • 020.Argyrotaenia ljungiana
        • 021.Ptycholomoides aeriferanus
        • 022.Ptycholoma lecheana
        • 023.Pandemis cinnamomeana
        • 024.Chequered Fruit-tree Tortrix
        • 025.Barred Fruit-tree Tortrix
        • 026.Dark Fruit-tree Tortrix
        • 028.Syndemis musculana
        • 029.Lozotaenia forsterana
        • 030.Carnation Tortrix
        • 031.Timothy Tortrix
        • 039.Light Brown Apple Moth
        • 040.Lozotaeniodes formosanus
        • 044.Tortricodes alternella
        • 057.Cnephasia longana
        • 058.Spatalistis bifasciana
        • 059.Green Oak Tortrix
        • 060.Aleimma loeflingiana
        • 061.Acleris holmiana
        • 062.Acleris forsskaleana
        • 066.Acleris laterana
        • 069.Acleris sparsana
        • 070.Acleris rhombana
        • 071.Acleris emargana
        • 077.Garden Rose Tortrix
        • 078.Acleris aspersana
        • 080.Acleris hastiana
        • 085.Acleris-kochiella
        • 087.Acleris literana
        • 090.Eulia ministrana
        • 091.Pseudargyrotoza conwagana
        • 092.Phtheochroa inopiana
        • 095.Phtheochroa rugosana
        • 097.Cochylimorpha straminea
        • 101.Phalonidia manniana
        • 104.Gynnidomorpha luridana
        • 109.Agapeta hamana
        • 110.Agapeta zoegana
        • 111.Eupoecilia angustana
        • 121.Aethes tesserana
        • 122.Aethes dilucidana
        • 127.Aethes cnicana
        • 128.Aethes rubigana
        • 136.Cochylis hybridella
        • 139.Cochylis atricapitana
        • 142.Falseuncaria ruficiliana
      • Olethreutinae >
        • 144.Eudemis profundana
        • 150.Apotomis betuletana
        • 154.Orthotaenia undulana
        • 155.Hedya salicella
        • 156.Marbled Orchard Tortrix
        • 161.Celypha striana
        • 164.Celypha cespitana
        • 166.Celypha lacunana
        • 167.Celypha rivulana
        • 179.Olethreutes arcuell
        • 182.European Vine Moth
        • 185.Lobesia littoralis
        • 188.Endothenia marginana
        • 194.Bactra lancealana
        • 200.Cherry-bark Tortrix
        • 210.Ancylis unculana
        • 214.Ancylis badiana
        • 215.Ancylis achatana
        • 216.Ancylis mitterbacheriana
        • 224.Bud Moth
        • 225.Spilonota laricana
        • 233.Epinotia solandriana
        • 237.Epinotia signatana
        • 240.Epinotia immundana
        • 248.Nut Bud Moth
        • 249.Epinotia ramella
        • 254.Epinotia bilunana
        • 256.Epinotia cinereana
        • 260.Zeiraphera isertana
        • 264.Eucosma obumbratana
        • 265.Eucosma cana
        • 266.Eucosma hohenwartiana
        • 267.Eucosma fulvana
        • 269.Eucosma campoliliana
      • Olethreutinae 2 >
        • 279.Gypsonoma dealbana
        • 280.Gypsonoma oppressana
        • 286.Epiblema cirsiana
        • 288.Epiblema foenella
        • 292.Notocelia cynosbatella
        • 294.Bramble Shoot Moth
        • 297.Notocelia rosaecolana
        • 300.Pine Bud Moth
        • 304.Pine Leaf-mining Moth
        • 306.Rhyacionia pinicolana
        • 307.Spotted Shoot Moth
        • 313.Dichrorampha acuminatana
        • 320.Dichrorampha alpinana
        • 321.Dichrorampha petiverella
        • 325.Cydia ulicetana
        • 330.Cydia conicolana
        • 335.Spruce Seed Moth
        • 338.Codling Moth
        • 341.Cydia splendana
        • 343.Cydia amplana
        • 345.Lathronympha strigana
        • 353.Grapholita gemmiferana
        • 354.Grapholita jungiella
        • 356.Grapholita lobarzewskii
        • 367.Pammene fasciana
        • 375.Pammene regiana
        • 377.Pammene germmana
    • 50. COSSIDAE >
      • Cossinae >
        • 001.Goat Moth
      • Zeuzerinae >
        • 002.Leopard Moth
        • 003.Reed Leopard
    • 52. SESIIDAE >
      • Sesiinae >
        • 002.Hornet Moth
        • 004.Dusky Clearwing
        • 006.White-barred Clearwing
        • 007.Large Red-belted Clearwing
        • 008.Red-tipped Clearwing
        • 010.Orange-tailed Clearwing
        • 011.Red-belted Clearwing
        • 012.Yellow-legged Clearwing
        • 013.Currant Clearwing
        • 014.Six-belted Clearwing
        • 015.Fiery Clearwing
        • 016.Thrift Clearwing
    • 53. LYMACODIDAE >
      • 001.The Festoon
    • 54. ZYGAENIDAE >
      • Procridinae >
        • 002.The Forester
        • 003.Cistus Forester
      • Zygaeninae >
        • 004. Transparent Burnet
        • 005. Slender Scotch Burnet
        • 008.Six-spot Burnet
        • 009.Narrow-bordered Five-spot Burnet
        • 010. Five-spot Burnet
    • 62. PYRALIDAE >
      • Galleriinae >
        • 001.Bee Moth
      • Phycitinae >
        • 015. Deplanqueia dilutella
        • 020.Etiella zinckenella
        • 023.Pempelia palumbella
        • 024.Rhodophaea formosa
        • 028.Dioryctria abietella
        • 029.Phycita roborella
        • 035.Acrobasis advenella
        • 036.Acrobasis suavella
        • 037.Acrobasis marmorea
        • 042.Thistle Ermine
        • 047.Assara terebrella
        • 048.Euzophera pinguis
        • 052.Ancylosis cinnamomella
        • 054.Homoeosoma sinuella
        • 058.Phycitodes binaevella
        • 065.Ephestia unicolorella
      • Pyralinae >
        • 074.Large Tabby
        • 075.Gold Triangle
        • 076.Hypsopygia glaucinalis
        • 077.Endotricha flammealis
    • 63.CRAMBIDAE >
      • Pyraustinae >
        • 003.Pyrausta cingulata
        • 004.Pyrausta sanguinalis
        • 005.Pyrausta despicata
        • 006.Pyrausta aurata
        • 007.Pyrausta purpuralis
        • 008.Pyrausta ostrinalis
        • 009.Pyrausta nigrata
        • 011.Uresiphita gilvata
        • 013.Nascia cilialis
        • 016.Anania fuscalis
        • 017.Anania lancealis
        • 018.Anania coronata
        • 020.Anania perlucidalis
        • 024.Anania funebris
        • 025.Small Magpie
        • 026.Sclerocona acutellus
        • 028.European Corn-borer
      • Spilomelinae >
        • 031.Rusty Dot Pearl
        • 033.Udea lutealis
        • 034.Udea prunalis
        • 037.Udea olivalis
        • 038.Mother of Pearl
        • 039.Mecyna flavalis
        • 040.Mecyna asinalis
        • 041.Agrotera nemoralis
        • 046.Duponchelia fovealis
        • 047.Spoladea recurvalis
        • 048.Palpita vitrealis
        • 050. Dolicharthria punctalis
        • 051.Antigastra catalaunalis
        • 052.Rush Veneer
        • 0524.Sceliodes laisalis
        • 054.Cydalima perspectalis
      • Odontiinae >
        • 056.Cynaeda dentalis
      • Glaphyriinae >
        • 057.Garden Pebble
        • 058.Evergestis extimalis
        • 059.Evergestis limbata
        • 061.Old World Webworm
      • Scopariinae >
        • 063.Scoparia basistrigalis
        • 064.Scoparia ambigualis
        • 066.Scoparia pyralella
        • 067.Eudonia lacustrata
        • 069.Eudonia angustea
        • 072.Eudonia delunella
        • 073.Eudonia truncicolella
        • 074.Eudonia Murcurella
        • 075.Eudonia pallida
      • Crambinae >
        • 076.Euchromius ocellea
        • 080.Chrysoteuchia culmella
        • 081.Crambus pascuella
        • 082.Crambus silvella
        • 086.Crambus lathoniellus
        • 088.Crambus perlella
        • 089.Agriphila tristella
        • 090.Agriphila inquinatella
        • 092.Agriphila selasella
        • 093.Agriphila straminella
        • 095.Agriphila geniculea
        • 099.Catoptria pinella
        • 102.Catoptria falsella
        • 103.Catoptria verellus
        • 106.Chrysocrambus craterella
        • 107. Thisanotia chrysonuchella
        • 112.Platytes alpinella
        • 113.Ancylolomia tentaculella
      • Acentropinae >
        • 114.Brown China-mark
        • 115.Water Veneer
        • 116.Small China-mark
        • 117.Ringed China-mark
      • Musotiminae >
        • 119.Musotima nitidalis
  • Moths 2
    • 65. DREPANIDAE >
      • Drepaninae >
        • 001.Scalloped Hook-tip
        • 002.Oak Hook-tip
        • 005.Pebble Hook-tip
        • 006.Scarce Hook-tip
        • 007.Chinese Character
      • Thyatirinae >
        • 008.Peach Blossom
        • 009.Buff Arches
        • 010.Figure of Eighty
        • 012.Satin Lutestring
        • 013.Common Lutestring
        • 014.Oak Lutestring
        • 015.Frosted Green
        • 016.Yellow Horned
    • 66. LASIOCAMPIDAE >
      • Poecilocampinae >
        • 001.December Moth
        • 002.Pale Eggar
      • Malacosomatinae >
        • 003.Lackey
        • 004.Ground Lackey
      • Lasiocampinae >
        • 005.Small Eggar
        • 006.Grass Eggar
        • 007.Oak Eggar
        • 008.Fox Moth
      • Pinarinae >
        • 009.Pine-tree Lappet
        • 010.The Drinker
        • 012.Lappet
        • 6758.The Blueberry Lappet
    • 68.SATURNIIDAE >
      • Saturniinae >
        • 001.Emperor Moth
        • 0011.Great Peacock Moth
    • 69.SPHINGIDAE >
      • Smerinthinae >
        • 001.Lime Hawkmoth
        • 002.Eyed Hawk-moth
        • 003.Poplar Hawk-moth
      • Sphinginae >
        • 004.Convolvulus Hawk-moth
        • 005.Death's-head Hawk-moth
        • 006.Privet Hawk-moth
        • 007.Pine Hawk-moth
      • Macroglossinae >
        • 008.Narrow-bordered Bee Hawk-moth
        • 009.Broad-bordered Bee Hawk-moth
        • 010.Hummingbird Hawk-moth
        • 013.Spurge Hawk-moth
        • 014.Bedstraw Hawk-moth
        • 015.Striped Hawk-moth
        • 016.Elephant Hawk-moth
        • 017.Small Elephant Hawk-moth
        • 018.Silver-striped Hawk-moth
    • 70.GEOMETRIDAE >
      • Sterrhinae >
        • 003.Bright Wave
        • 004.Least Carpet
        • 006.Dwarf Cream Wave
        • 008.Small Dusty Wave
        • 009.Satin Wave
        • 010.Dotted Border Wave
        • 011.Single-dotted Wave
        • 012.Treble Brown Spot
        • 013.Small Fan-footed Wave
        • 015.Small Scallop
        • 016.Riband Wave
        • 017.Portland Ribbon Wave
        • 018.Plain Wave
        • 019.Lewes Wave
        • 0201.Streaked Wave
        • 021.Lace Border
        • 023.Mullein Wave
        • 024.Small Blood-vein
        • 025.Lesser Cream Wave
        • 027.Cream Wave
        • 028.Rosy Wave
        • 029.Blood-vein
        • 031.Mocha
        • 032.Birch Mocha
        • 033.Blair's Mocha
        • 035.False Mocha
        • 036.Maiden's Blush
        • 037.Clay Triple-lines
        • 038.Vestal
      • Larentiinae >
        • 039.Oblique Striped
        • 041.July Belle
        • 042.Spanish Carpet
        • 043.Chalk Carpet
        • 045.Shaded Broad-bar
        • 047.The Gem
        • 049.Garden Carpet
        • 050.Balsam Carpet
        • 051.Red Twin-spot Carpet
        • 052.Dark-barred Twin-spot Carpet
        • 053.Flame Carpet
        • 054.Silver-ground Carpet
        • 055.Large Twin-spot Carpet
        • 057.Ruddy Carpet
        • 059.Yellow Shell
        • 061.Common Carpet
        • 064.Cloaked Carpet
        • 065.Sharp-angled Carpet
        • 066.Shoulder Stripe
        • 067.Streamer
        • 069.Dark Spinach
        • 070.Mallow
        • 074.July Highflyer
        • 075.May Highflyer
        • 077.Pine Carpet
        • 079.Spruce Carpet
        • 081.Grey Pine Carpet
        • 083.Cypress Carpet
        • 084.Blue-bordered Carpet
        • 085.Barred Yellow
        • 086.Broken-barred Carpet
        • 087.Purple Bar
        • 089.Phoenix
        • 090.Chevron
        • 093.Barred Straw
        • 094.Small Phoenix
        • 095.Red-green Carpet
        • 097.Common Marbled Carpet
        • 100.Green Carpet
        • 103.Water Carpet
      • Larentiinae Cont:- >
        • 106.Winter Moth
        • 107.November Moth
        • 109.Autumnal Moth
        • 111.Small White Wave
        • 114.Small Yellow Wave
        • 116.Blomer's Rivulet
        • 117.Drab Looper
        • 118.Brown Scallop
        • 120.Argent & Sable
        • 121.Scallop Shell
        • 126.Small Waved UMber
        • 127.Fern
        • 128.Pretty Chalk Carpet
        • 132.Rivulet
        • 133.Small Rivulet
        • 134.Barred Rivulet
        • 137.Grass Rivulet
        • 141.Double-striped Pug
        • 142.The V-Pug
        • 143.Sloe Pug
        • 144.Green Pug
        • 145.Bilberry Pug
        • 146.Haworth's Pug
        • 148.Maple Pug
        • 149.Cloaked Pug
        • 150.Toadflax Pug
        • 151.Foxglove Pug
        • 154.Marsh Pug
        • 156.Brindled Pug
        • 157.Oak-tree Pug
        • 158.Juniper Pug
        • 159.Cypress Pug
        • 160. White-spotted Pug
        • 162.Dwarf Pug
        • 166.Plain Pug
        • 171.Ochreous Pug
        • 172.Thyme Pug
        • 173.Lime-speck Pug
        • 174.Pinion-spotted Pug
        • 176.Freyer's Pug
        • 177.Satyr Pug
        • 179.Wormwood Pug
        • 181.Valerian Pug
        • 183.Common Pug
        • 184.Mottled Pug
        • 186.Yarrow Pug
        • 187.Tawny Speckled Pug
        • 188.Bordered Pug
        • 189.Shaded Pug
        • 190.Grey Pug
        • 192.Treble-bar
        • 193.Lesser Treble-bar
        • 194.Purple Treble-bar
        • 198.Seraphim
        • 199.Small Seraphim
        • 200.Yellow-barred Brindle
        • 201.Barred Tooth-stripe
        • 202.Early Tooth-striped
      • Archiearinae >
        • 203.Orange Underwing
        • 204.Light Orange Underwing
      • Ennominae >
        • 205.Magpie
        • 206.Clouded Magpie
        • 207.Clouded Border
        • 208.Scorched Carpet
        • 210.Dorset Cream Wave
        • 211.Peacock Moth
        • 212.Sharp-angled Paecock
        • 214.Tawny-barred Angle
        • 217.Rannoch Looper
        • 218.Latticed Heath
        • 219.Tamerisk Peacock
        • 220.Frosted Yellow
        • 221.Little Thorn
        • 222.Brown Silver-line
        • 223.Barred Umber
        • 224.Scorched Wing
        • 225.Horse Chestnut
        • 226.Brimstone Moth
        • 229.Speckled Yellow
        • 230.Orange Moth
        • 231.Lilac Beauty
        • 233.August Thorn
        • 234.Canary-shouldered Thorn
        • 235.Dusky Thorn
        • 236.September Thorn
        • 237.Early Thorn
        • 238.Lunar Thorn
        • 239.Purple Thorn
        • 240.Scalloped Hazel
        • 241.Scalloped Oak
        • 243.Swallow-tailed Moth
        • 244.Feathered Thorn
        • 245.March Moth
        • 246.Small Brindled Beauty
        • 247.Pale Brindled Beauty
        • 248.Brindled Beauty
      • Ennominae Cont:- >
        • 251.Oak Beauty
        • 252.Peppered Moth
        • 253.Spring Usher
        • 254.Scarce Umber
        • 255.Dotted Border
        • 256.Mottled Umber
        • 257.Waved Umber
        • 258.Willow Beauty
        • 260.Feathered Beauty
        • 262.Bordered Grey
        • 264.Satin Beauty
        • 265.Mottled Beauty
        • 267.Great Oak Beauty
        • 268.Pale Oak Beauty
        • 270.The Engrailed
        • 272.Square Spot
        • 273.Brindled White-spot
        • 274.Grey Birch
        • 275.Common Heath
        • 276.Bordered White
        • 277.Common White Wave
        • 278.Common Wave
        • 279.White-pinion Spotted
        • 280.Clouded Silver
        • 282.Early Moth
        • 283.Light Emerald
        • 284.Barred Red
        • 2841.Banded Pine Carpet
        • 287.Annulet
        • 288.Brussels Lace
        • 291.Black-veined Moth
        • 293.Straw Belle
        • 294.Yellow Belle
        • 295.Grass Wave
      • Geometrinae >
        • 297.Grass Emerald
        • 298.Jersey Emerald
        • 299.Large Emerald
        • 300.Blotched Emerald
        • 301.Essex Emerald
        • 302.Small Emerald
        • 304.Sussex Emerald
        • 305.Common Emerald
        • 3075.Herb Emerald
    • 71.NOTODONTIDAE >
      • Thaumetopoeinae >
        • 002.Pine Processionary
      • Cerurinae >
        • 003.Puss Moth
        • 005.Sallow Kitten
      • Dicranurinae >
        • 008.Tawny Prominent
        • 009.Lobster Moth
      • Notodontinae >
        • 010.Marbled Brown
        • 011.Lunar Marbled Brown
        • 012.Iron Prominent
        • 013.Pebble Prominent
        • 015.Three-humped Prominent
        • 016.Great Prominent
        • 017.Swallow Prominent
        • 018.Lesser Swallow Prominent
        • 020.Pale Prominent
        • 021.Coxcomb Prominent
        • 022.Maple Prominent
      • Phalerinae >
        • 025.Buff-tip
      • Pygaerinae >
        • 027.Chocolate-tip
        • 028.Small Chocolate-tip
    • 72.EREBIDAE >
      • Scoliopteryginae >
        • 001.The Herald
      • Rivulinae >
        • 002.Straw Dot
      • Hypeninae >
        • 003.The Snout
        • 004.Buttoned Snout
        • 0061. Hypena lividalis
        • 007.Beautiful Snout
      • Lymantriinae >
        • 009.White Satin Moth
        • 010.Black Arches
        • 011.Gypsy Moth
        • 012.Brown-tail
        • 013.Yellow-tail
        • 015.Pale Tussock
        • 016.Dark Tussock
        • 017.The Vapourer
      • Arctiinae >
        • 019.Buff Ermine
        • 020.White Ermine
        • 022.Muslin Moth
        • 023.Clouded Buff
        • 024.Ruby Tiger
        • 025.Wood Tiger
        • 026.Garden Tiger
        • 027.Cream-spot Tiger
        • 028.Patton's Tiger
        • 029.Scarlet Tiger
        • 030.Jersey Tiger
        • 031.The Cinnabar
        • 032.Speckled Footman
        • 033.Feathered Footman
        • 034.Crimson Speckled
        • 035.Rosy Footman
        • 036. Muslin Footman
        • 037.Round-winged Muslin
        • 038.Four-dotted Footman
        • 039.Dotted Footman
        • 041.Four-spotted Footman
        • 042.Red-necked Footman
        • 043.Buff Footman
        • 044.Dingy Footman
        • 045.Common Footman
        • 046.Scarce Footman
        • 047.Hoary Footman
        • 049.Orange Footman
        • 050.Dew Moth
        • 0501. Nine-spotted
      • Herminiinae >
        • 051.Clay Fan-foot
        • 052.Dotted Fan-foot
        • 053.The Fan-foot
        • 055.Small Fan-foot
        • 056.Common Fan-foot
        • 057.Plumed Fan-foot
        • 058.Jubilee Fan-foot
      • Toxocampinae >
        • 063.Blackneck
        • 064.Scarce Blackneck
      • Boletobiinae >
        • 066.Waved Black
        • 067.Small Purple-barred
        • 069.Beautiful Hook-tip
        • 072.Purple Marbled
        • 073.Small Marbled
        • 074.Beatiful Marbled
      • Erebinae >
        • 075.Oak Yellow Underwing
        • 076.Clifden Nonpareil
        • 078.Red Underwing
        • 079.Rosy Underwing
        • 081.Dark Crimson Underwing
        • 082.Light Crimson Underwing
        • 083.Burnet Companion
        • 084.Moth Shipton
        • 085.Alchymist
        • 086.Lunar Double-stripe
        • 087.Passenger
        • 088.Geometrician
    • 73.NOCTUIDAE >
      • Plusiinae >
        • 001.The Spectacle
        • 002.Dark Spectacle
        • 003.Ni Moth
        • 008.Golden Twin-spot
        • 012.Burnished Brass
        • 015.Silver "Y"
        • 016.Beautiful Golden Y
        • 017.Plain Golden Y
        • 022.Gold Spot
        • 023.Lempke's Gold Spot
      • Eustrotiinae >
        • 024.Marbled White Spot
        • 026.Silver Hook
        • 027.Silver Barred
      • Acontiinae >
        • 028.Pale Shoulder
        • 029.Spotted Sulphur
      • Aediinae >
        • 0301.The Druid
        • 031.Four-spotted
      • Pantheinae >
        • 032.Nut-tree Tussock
      • Dilobinae >
        • 033.Figure of Eight
      • Acronictinae >
        • 034.Scarce Merveille du jour
        • 036. Alder Moth
        • 038.Grey Dagger
        • 039.Sycamore
        • 040.The Miller
        • 041.Marsh Dagger
        • 045.Knot Grass
        • 046.Poplar Grey
        • 047.The Coronet
      • Metoponiinae >
        • 048.Small Yellow Underwing
        • 049.Goldwing
      • Culculliinae >
        • 050.Wormwood
        • 051.Scarce Wormwood
        • 052.Shark
        • 055.Star-wort
        • 057.Striped Lychnis
      • Oncocnemidinae >
        • 059.Toadflax Brocade
        • 061.The Anomalous
      • Amphipyrinae >
        • 062.Copper Underwing
        • 064.Mouse Moth
      • Psaphidinae >
        • 065.Sprawler
        • 068.Green-brindled Crescent
        • 069.Early Grey
      • Heliothinae >
        • 072.Marbled Clover
        • 073.Shoulder-striped Clover
        • 074.Bordered Straw
        • 076.Scarce Bordered Straw
      • Condicinae >
        • 078.Reddish Buff
      • Bryophilinae >
        • 082.Tree-lichen Beauty
        • 084.Marbled Beauty
      • Xyleninae >
        • 087.Small Mottled Willow
        • 088.Dark Mottled Willow
        • 091.Rosy Marbled
        • 092.Mottled Rustic
        • 093.Clancy's Rustic
        • 095.Pale Mottled Willow
        • 096.The Uncertain
        • 097.The Rustic
        • 099.Vine's Rustic
        • 100.Silky Wainscot
        • 101.Treble Lines
        • 102.Brown Rustic
        • 105.Bird's Wing
        • 107.Old Lady
        • 108.Geurnsey Underwing
        • 109.Straw Underwing
        • 113.Angle Shades
        • 114.Small Angle Shades
        • 118.Haworth's Minor
        • 120.Dusky Sallow
        • 123.Rosy Rustic
        • 124.Butterbur
        • 126.Saltern Ear
        • 128.Ear Moth agg.
        • 130.Dumeril's Rustic
        • 131.Flounced Rustic
        • 134.Large Wainscot
        • 136.Bulrush Wainscot
        • 144.Small Wainscot
        • 147.Small Dotted Buff
        • 151.Webb's Wainscot
        • 155.Clouded Brindle
        • 156.Clouded-bordered Brindle
        • 158.Rustic Shoulder-knot
        • 159.Small Clouded Brindle
        • 160.Slender Brindle
      • Xyleninae Cont:- >
        • 162.Dark Arches
        • 163.Light Arches
        • 164.Reddish Light Arches
        • 168.Double Lobed
        • 169.Common Rustic
        • 171.Rosy Minor
        • 172.Cloaked Minor
        • 173.Marbled Minor
        • 174.Tawny Marbled Minor
        • 175.Rufous Minor
        • 176.Middle-barred Minor
        • 178.Beautiful Gothic
        • 179.Orange Salllow
        • 180.Barred Sallow
        • 181.Pink-barred Sallow
        • 182.Sallow
        • 186.Beaded Chestnut
        • 187.Brown-spot Pinion
        • 189.Red-line Quaker
        • 190.Yellow-line Quaker
        • 192.Brick
        • 193.Lunar Underwing
        • 194.The Chestnut
        • 197.Dotted Chestnut
        • 198.Red-headed Chestnut
        • 200.Tawny Pinion
        • 201.Pale Pinion
        • 202.Grey Shoulder-knot
        • 206.Blair's Shoulder-knot
        • 209.Red Sword-grass
        • 210.Satellite
        • 215.Lesser-spotted Pinion
        • 216.The Dun-bar
        • 217.Lunar-spotted Pinion
        • 219.Centre-barred Sallow
        • 220.Minor Shoulder-knot
        • 221.Suspected
        • 223.Oak Rustic
        • 224.Merveille du Jour
        • 225.Brindled Green
        • 229.Flame Brocade
        • 230.Feathered Brindle
        • 231.Deep-brown Dart
        • 233.Black Rustic
        • 235.Feathered Ranunculus
        • 237.Large Ranunculus
        • 238.Dark Brocade
        • 240.Beautiful Arches
      • Hadeninae >
        • 241.Pine Beauty
        • 242.Clouded Drab
        • 244.Common Quaker
        • 245.Small Quaker
        • 246.Lead-coloured Drab
        • 247.Powdered Quaker
        • 249.Hebrew Character
        • 250.Twin-spotted Quaker
        • 251.Silver Cloud
        • 252.Hedge Rustic
        • 253.Feathered Gothic
        • 254.Antler Moth
        • 255.The Nutmeg
        • 257.Beautiful Yellow Underwing
        • 259.Pale Shining Brown
        • 260.Silvery Arches
        • 261.Grey Arches
        • 263.Light Brocade
        • 264.Pale-shouldered Brocade
        • 265.Beautiful Brocade
        • 266.Dog's Tooth
        • 267.Bright-line Brown-eye
        • 270.Dot Moth
        • 271.Broom Moth
        • 273.Shears
        • 274.Cabbage Moth
        • 277.Bordered Gothic
        • 279.Broad-barred White
        • 280.Small ranunculus
        • 281.The Lychnis
        • 282.Varied Coronet
        • 283.Marbled Coronet
        • 284.White-spot
        • 290.Brown-line Bright-eye
        • 291.Common Wainscot
        • 292.Mathew's Wainscot
        • 293.Smoky Wainscot
        • 294.Southern Wainscot
        • 295.Delicate
        • 297.White-point
        • 298.The Clay
        • 300.L-album Wainscot
        • 301.Shoulder-striped Wainsco
        • 303.Devonshire Wainscot
      • Noctuinae >
        • 314.Garden Dart
        • 316.Light Feathered Rustic
        • 317.Heart & Dart
        • 319.Turnip Moth
        • 320.Heart & Club
        • 322.Archer's Dart
        • 324.Crescent Dart
        • 325.Shuttle-shaped Dart
        • 327.Dark Sword-grass
        • 328.The Flame
        • 329.Flame Shoulder
        • 330.Radford's Flame Shoulder
        • 334.Small Square-spot
        • 336.Red Chestnut
        • 338.True Lover's Knot
        • 342.Large Yellow Underwing
        • 343.Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing
        • 344.Lunar Yellow Underwing
        • 345.Lesser Yellow Underwing
        • 348.Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing
        • 350.Great Brocade
        • 352.Green Arches
        • 355.Neglected Rustic
        • 357.Square-spot Rustic
        • 358.Six-striped Rustic
        • 359.Setaceous Hebrew Character
        • 361.Double Square-spot
        • 365.Autumnal Rustic
        • 368.The Gothic
    • 74.NOLIDAE >
      • Nolidae >
        • 002.Kent Black Arches
        • 003.Short-cloaked Moth
        • 004.Least Black Arches
      • Chloephorinae >
        • 007.Scarce Silver-lines
        • 008.Green Silver-lines
        • 009.Oak Nycteoline
        • 011.Cream-bordered Green Pea
        • 012.Egyptian Bollworm
      • APPENDIX B >
        • GEOMETRIDAE >
          • Sterrhinae >
            • B58.Middle Lace Border
        • NOCTUIDAE >
          • Noctuinae >
            • B104.Gregson's Dart
  • Lepi-Plants
    • A >
      • Aceraceae-The Maple Family
      • Adoxaceae- Viburnum Family
      • Alliaceae-Allium Family
      • Amaranthaceae-Amaranth Family
      • Apiaceae/Umbelliferae-Umbellifers Family
      • Apocynaceae-Dogbane Family
      • Aquifoliaceae -Holly Family
      • Araceae - Arum Family
      • Araliaceae -Ivy Family
      • Arecaceae/Palmae- Palm Family
      • Asparagaceae-Moncots Family
      • Asteraceae/Compositae -Daisy Family
    • B >
      • Balsaminaceae-Balsam Family
      • Berberidaceae-Barberry Family
      • Betulaceae-Birch Family
      • Boraginaceae -Borage Family
      • Brassicaceae/Cruciferae-Cabbage Family
      • Buxaceae -Box Family
    • C >
      • Campanulaceae-Bellflower Family
      • Cannabidaceae -Hemp/Hop Family
      • Capparidaceae-Capers Family
      • Caprifoliaceae-Honeysuckle Family
      • Caryophyllaceae-Pink Family
      • Casuarinaceae-She-Oak Family
      • Celastraceae -Bittersweet Family
      • Chenopodiaceae : Goosefoot Family
      • Cistaceae-Rock-rose Family
      • Cleomaceae - Spider Flower Family
      • Convolvulaceae-Bindweed Family
      • Cornaceae-Dogwood Family
      • Crassulaceae -Orpine Family
      • Cucurbitaceae-Melon Family
      • Cupressaceae -Cypress Family
      • Cyperaceae-Sedge Family
    • D >
      • Dipsacaceae-Teasel Family
      • Dryopteridaceae-Wood Fern Family
    • E >
      • Ebenacaceae -Persimmon Family
      • Elaeagnaceae-Oleaster Family
      • Ericaceae-Heather Family
      • Escalloniaceae -Escallonia Family
      • Euphorbiaceae -Spurge Family
    • F >
      • Fabaceae/Leguminosae-Pea/Bean Family
      • Fagaceae-Oak-Chestnut Family
    • G >
      • Gentianaceae-Gentian Family
      • Geraniaceae -Geranium Family
      • Grossulariaceae-Currant Family
    • H >
      • Haloragidaceae - Hydrocharitaceae - Water Plants
      • Hamamelidaceae - Witch-Hazel Family
      • Hippocastanaceae-Horse Chestnut Family
      • Hydrangeaceae-Hydranga Family
      • Hypericaceae-Didcot Family
    • I >
      • Iridaceae-Iris Family
    • J >
      • Juglandaceae : Walnut Family
      • Juncaceae-Reed Family
    • L >
      • Lamiaceae/Labiatae-Mint Family
      • Lauraceae -Laurel Family
      • Lemnaceae - Duckweed Family
      • Lilaceae-Lily Family
      • Linaceae-Flax Family
      • Lythraceae-Loosestrife Family
    • M >
      • Magnoliaceae - Magnolia Family
      • Malvaceae-Mallow Family
      • Misc.Plant Families
      • Moss & Fungus Family
      • Moraceae-Fig Family
      • Myricaceae/Myrtaceae : Wax-myrtle/Myrtle Family
    • N >
      • Nartheciaceae - Asphodel Family
    • O >
      • Oleaceae - Olive Family
      • Onagraceae-Evening Primrose Family
      • Orobanchaceae-Broomrape Family
      • Oxalidaceae-Wood Sorrel Family
    • P >
      • Papaveraceae-Poppy Family
      • Pedaliaceae-Sesame Family
      • Pinaceae -Pine Family
      • Pistaciaceae-Cashew Family
      • Plantanaceae-Plane Tree Family
      • Plantaginaceae-Plantain Family
      • Plumbaginaceae-Plumbago Family
      • Poaceae/Gramineae -True Grass Family
      • Polygalaceae-Milkwort Family
      • Polygonaceae-Docks,Sorrel Family
      • Polypodiaceae/Pteridaceae : Fern Family
      • Primulaceae-Primrose Family
    • R >
      • Ranunculaceae-Buttercup Family
      • Resedaceae-Mignonette Family
      • Rhamnaceae-Buckthorn Family
      • Rosaceae-Rose Family
      • Rubiaceae-Bedstraw Family
      • Rutaceae-Citrus Family
    • S >
      • Salicaceae-Willow Family
      • Saxifragaceae-Saxifrage Family
      • Scrophulariaceae-Figwort Family
      • Smilacaceae-Greenbrier Family
      • Solanaceae-Nightshade Family
    • T >
      • Tamaricaceae-Tamarind Family
      • Taxaceae-Yew Family
      • Theaceae-Tea/Camellia Family
      • Tiliaceae-Lime Family
      • Tropaeolaceae-Nasturtium Family
      • Typhaceae - Reedmace Family
    • U >
      • Ulmaceae-Elm Family
      • Urticaceae-Nettle Family
    • V >
      • Valerianaceae-Valerian Family
      • Violaceae-Violet Family
      • Viscaceae-Mistletoe Family
      • Vitaceae-Grapevine Family >
        • Untitled
  • Contact

Late summer ‘Leps’ etc in Bulgaria

16/9/2016

0 Comments

 
Ever since we placed a pin in the map when deciding where to stay in the Portuguese Algarve, only to find a small place called Alvor, which was next to a large nature reserve P and I have tended to be a little fussy and chose sites which suit the swimmer or me, someone who prefers waste land to search out the insects and general nature that satisfies my relaxation preferences.
 
With the same thoughts in mind we decided to try something different and give Bulgaria a try with a package holiday that fits well in the sequence ‘3E’,think about it. We decided to go right down in the southeast corner of Bulgaria to a small village of Sinemorets which has a normal population of 250 and is almost within the largest nature reserve in Bulgaria called Strandzha Nature Park in Burgas province.The trip from the airport  at Bourgas down to Sinemorets takes close to two hours where the views change from busy traffic to narrower roads,better views of the Black Sea coasts and eventually nothing but trees and sandy beaches.
 
A good tip when checking places on Google Maps is to remember they are,I believe, updated every four years so the rough ground you wish to check out may well be another hotel in these changing holiday resorts linked to package holiday trips. Don’t be fooled by unfinished buildings,they haven’t run out of money its just illegal to do construction work in the summer and for that you have to be appreciative as they don’t want the complaints that used to be a norm on Spanish holidays.
Another thing to remember is this is not the Mediterranean it’s the Black Sea so the most likely person next to you will be speaking Russian or Bulgarian, something hard to differentiate but something that has a different charm about it. It did mean that we were in the minority so meeting another Brit was always an enjoyable encounter.
I would also offer another tip and that is starve yourself before you go as they are all in packages where you can eat as much as you like all day, so my diet is already in operation.
 
The following day after arrival it’s the rep who is giving you the rundown on the sites and sounds of the area and well as sorting trips,two of which we settled for namely the Photo off Road experience, boy what an experience, and a trip down the Valeka River in a Dragon Boat something that became relevant with my first wild life find.
P also booked the VIP lounge at the airport going home which was another nice experience. No I’m not VIP but after 2 months trying to walk with Achilles Tendonitus and a possible 4 months to go I didn’t care what car dropped me off at the aircraft it was better than walking and there in was my holiday restriction sadly.
 
Clearly taking a holiday in September is going to limit what is about and also where you are in the country will also dictate what you can possibly see, and this I knew, so any butterflies or moths was going to be a bonus after the poor season over here this year.
I also checked the website  http://www.butterfliesofbulgaria.com/main%20menu.html to find out species on the wing and where in the country they are found and would say that most butterfly trips to Bulgaria take place in the west of the country and usually finish in July,early August not the south east of the country.

Following the rep talk which was very professional if not interlaced with a little hyperbole in order to sell the trips,the hundreds of Turtles turned out to be five, we had some food and then settled down the far end on the pool next to a garden with a gezebo built in for the exercise classes which started at 5pm. I had my camera with me so went into the garden near a path where I watched what was flying. I didn’t have to wait long as this massive Great Banded Grayling kept coming in and out of the fence next to the path. Wow, it looked massive and I did manage to get a couple of shots before it was on its way. We saw this butterfly in different places on a few occasions during the week but never had another photo opportunity.
Blues were flying up and down the grass, settling on white clover but it took a mating pair for me to identify the butterfly which lived up to its name very well and was our Common Blue, possibly a Bulgarian form as the orange markings on the females underside were very strong.
Small Whites were plentiful but I was hoping for the Southern Small White but sadly I think I drew a blank on that one although I did think I had found one.
Finally I had good views of the Mallow Skipper which again is very difficult to tell apart from,Tufted Marbled Skipper, Oriental Marbled Skipper and Marbled Skipper, so if I have made a mistake I would be grateful to be told so.

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Great Banded Grayling - Kanetisa circe (Fabricius, 1775) It should be noted this is a female who is probably depositing ova into the long grass the next one ready to be released. Take a close look.
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Great Banded Grayling - Kanetisa circe (Fabricius, 1775)
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61.018/5 - Common Blue mating pair - Polyommatus (Polyommatus) icarus (Rottemburg, 1775) note the strong orange markings on the female
Old habits die hard so its wasn’t difficult to go to bed at night with the lights on and the door open after all chances of being caught out on the 7th level was rather remote and besides its illegal to use a light trap in Bulgaria as it is in many Mediterranean countries.
The following morning I was delighted when I found what was my first moth being a small wingspan and seeing what I thought was antennae but I was wrong. With the help of Tim Norris and Paul Brock was guided in the right direction to find out what it is. Japanese Leafhopper Ricanica japonica  is the name and is an alien species to Bulgaria being firstly introduced into Georgia and the Ukraine. Two were captured by the mouth of the Veleka River using light back in 2013 exactly where we were on the Dragon Boat trip along the Valeka which is unique in as much as the river is one of the only places in Europe that was protected by the mountains on the nature reserve during the ice age and as  such fauna grows along its sides that one normally finds in jungles like the Lianas Vines.
Readabout it here - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259702247_Ricania_japonica_Melichar_1898_-_a_representative_of_family_Ricaniidae_Homoptera_Fulgoromorpha_new_to_the_fauna_of_Bulgaria
 
Only two moths visited the rooms during our visit and both were professional escapologists just vanishing into thin air which I found quite remarkable as you can usually find them, but not these.


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Japanese Leafhopper - Ricania japonica
Following the views from the 7th floor I wanted to check out some ground that looked good for Lesser Fiery Copper but alas it was all fenced off so we backtracked to the ground at the top of the path running along the garden with the gazebo and sure enough we found the unfinished hotel and the rough ground I like searching. By now it was steaming but with the adrenalin flowing I was soon finding new butterflies in small numbers like a pair of late Knapweed Fritiallary - Melitaea phoebe and a single Safflower Skipper which is identified by the grey basal colour. The Mallow Skipper showed regularely but the Swallowtail was a rare visitor in the area only seeing one about 4 times and with no photo opportunities.

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Knapweed Fritillary Melitaea phoebe GOEZE, 1779
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Knapweed Fritillary Melitaea phoebe GOEZE, 1779
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Knapweed Fritillary Melitaea phoebe GOEZE, 1779
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Safflower Skipper - Pyrgus carthami - (Hübner, 1813) - notice the grey basal area
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Mallow Skipper CARCHARODUS alceae (Esper, 1780)
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Mallow Skipper CARCHARODUS alceae (Esper, 1780)
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Mallow Skipper CARCHARODUS alceae (Esper, 1780)
Another good visitor on site was the Bath White or possibly an Eastern Bath White .
Research in Cyprus where it was believed the Eastern Bath White was the main “Pontia” species coming from its nearest neighbour Turkey has shown this is not the case  –Ref  2013, Entomologist’s Gazette 64: 69–78 – synopsis states - “Molecular analysis of Pontia specimens from Cyprus has shown incontrovertibly that the species present on the island is Pontia daplidice. Examination of additional Pontia specimens from adjacent mainland countries of the Levant indicates that Cyprus was populated from the south-east or east, not from the north (Turkey)”.
Based on that information one would think Bulgaria therefore has the Eastern Bath White although recent work suggests the opposite.
 
Almost everywhere low flying Locusts/Grasshoppers were surprised into flight the first flying in red and the second just large.
When the heat eventually took us off site we went to our favourite spot in the shade in the pool area when I was surprised to find the largest moth I have ever seen actually on the lounger. A photo sent to Tim confirmed what I thought it was namely the Convolvulus Hawk-moth and what attention it drew.I had seen it flying the day before in the same area but never expected it to be found in such a public area.
In this sunny shaded area Red Admiral would come in and do acrobatic flights over the bushes, which usually fooled us into thinking we were looking at something rarer.

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Bath or Eastern Bath White?
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Bath or Eastern Bath White?
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The one that flies red
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and the large one
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69.004 - Convolvulus Hawk-moth - AGRIUS convolvuli (Linnaeus, 1758) - so close to being sat on
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69.004 - Convolvulus Hawk-moth - AGRIUS convolvuli (Linnaeus, 1758) - so close to being sat on
The following day we went on what was termed “Photo off Road” and that was something special and not for the faint hearted as we went flat out along cliffs,head first into ditches and a hells ride through the forest,the latter amazing me that we didn’t lose something against a tree.
It wasn’t all crazy on when Captain Ron demanded it and we took a slow scenic trip from Sinemorets to the Turkish border. There were police half way along this road as they try to cope with 350 migrants a day.
The Turkish border had wonderful beaches which were empty eventually flowing into a river which at half way across is the border line. Both sides have reinforced the beaches against corrosion so as to not lose ground to the other.
We stopped for a bite and a drink and of course a look for butterflies and I did see a few new species, which once again in the heat gave no photo opportunities frustratingly.

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The dividing line between Turkey and Bulgaria is the centre of the river leaving the Black Sea between the flags
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From another angle
From here we went into a clearing in the forest to be introduced to special hives of bees which produce a very special honey called Manna.
“Manna” honey is a honey produced by bees not from the nectar of flowers but out of secretions left on leaves by other insects who have eaten on them. It is darker in color, reaching red-brown, and is famous for its nutritional and health qualities and unique taste. In Bulgaria it is produced almost only in the Strandzha mountains by the Black Sea in the country's remote south-east corner.
From the honey they also produce Brandy or car fuel as I called it,Vinegar which was nice,and an paste for helping healing of bite, infection etc.
Again just in the clearing a new Satyr flew into the tree and the white flying slowly must surely have been a Wood White which double broods well into September.
Finally was the frightening ride back to the hotel through the forest,once is enough!!!!

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Hives in the clearing where new butterflies were seen but sadly not photographed
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Hive inspection - look how dark the contents seems to be and the honey is just wonderful
The next day was the more sedate trip down the Valeka river on a dragon boat.
Extremely enjoyable with commentary on all the interesting things about the river and the wildlife in the area, interesting and well worth the trip
.
The mouth of the river is now closed by shifting sands with the sea enetering beneath these sands. Later in the season the river rises 8 metres the opening to the sea in once more and the surrounding areas are flooded.
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What a beautiful river the Valeka river is and even includes the European Lynx as one of its local animals
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One of the 100's of Turtles,well no 5 anyway
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The river mouth closed to the sea at this time of the year but later opens to the sea when the floods arrive. Remember Bulgaria is also well known for its skiing resorts so they see both sides of the weather spectrum.The beach by the way is voted in the top 10 in Europe
I wanted to look for other species the next day so we went down to the beach and beyond into the early tree line of the Strandzha national Park where I was sure I would find something different. I did with again Satyrs in flight, which never stopped to be identified, but one I did recognise namely the Cardinal, which initially was feeding on Bramble Blossom. How was there Bramble Blossom still left when temperatures were up to 30c is still a mystery to me but I did manage a record shot. Brown Argus,Clouded Yellow,Common Blues,Mallow Skipper,Odonata,Bugs all added to the entertainment.
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The beach looking back to our hotel on the left with the rough ground in front of the new hotel to the right.
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The first of the trees leading into Stranzha nature Reserve with me taking shots of birds or should I say trying to.Found 3 European Hornets nests in 5 minutes as they were everywhere
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A Cardinal feeding on Bramble Blossom which still amazes me.
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Uknown Odonata
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Unknown Shieldbug
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Uknown Odonata
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Uknown Odonata
The final full day I spent an hour or so trying my luck on the rough ground again and managed what I thought was an Eastern Clouded Yellow white form but on reflection I believe they are f.helice.
Another moth I saw regularly might be the Scarce Bordered Straw as well as plenty of what looked like Rusk Veneer.


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61.001 - Small Copper - Lycaena phlaeas phlaeas f.eleus (Fabricius 1768) forewing partly suffused with blackish tone - tail on hindwing strongly developed
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61.001 - Small Copper - Lycaena phlaeas phlaeas f.eleus (Fabricius 1768) forewing partly suffused with blackish tone - tail on hindwing strongly developed
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73.076 - Scarce Bordered Straw - HELICOVERPA armigera (Hübner,[1808]) ?
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73.076 - Scarce Bordered Straw - HELICOVERPA armigera (Hübner,[1808]) ?
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7014 - Eastern Clouded Yellow - Colias erate (Esper, 1805) - notice the eliptical discal spot
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58.010 - Clouded Yellow - COLIAS croceus (Geoffroy, 1785) f.helice
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58.010 - Clouded Yellow - COLIAS croceus (Geoffroy, 1785) f.helice or Eastern Clouded Yellow white form?
I guess the conclusion to the trip must be if you want more butterflies and moths go earlier in the season and join one of the butterfly tours but for me it was a holiday first which I cant fault in any way because everything was fine taking into consideration that Bulgaria is newish to the holiday business and still putting in the facilities. I hope it doesn’t change much because I loved every bit of the experience and saw some new species for the first time. Lovely people, lovely country I do hope to go back one fine day.

I hope you enjoyed the trip with me

All the best

Colin

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