73.245 : 2182 : 10,039
Noctuidae : Hadeninae

Small Quaker

ORTHOSIA (Monima) cruda ([Denis & Schiffermüller],1775)
Picture
Life Cycle Guide
Picture
Description
Wingspan: 25-30mm
Worldwide Distribution: Europe : Morocco : Algeria : Tunisia : Turkey : Caucasus : Transcaucasia : Kazakhstan : Israel : Lebanon : Cyprus : Jordan
UK Distribution: Southern England-Common and widespread : Northern England-Fairly Common : Ireland-Local but widespread : Scotland & Isle of Man-Local : Channel Isles-Widespread but occasional
UK Conservation Status -
  • Common = >300 10Km Squares
European Conservation Status -
  • Least Concern
Original Species Name -
  • Phalaena (Noctua) Cruda ([Denis & Schiffermüller],1775)
Type Species - Orthosia
  • Noctua instabilis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
Type Locality -
  • Austria-near Vienna
Flight Period: South-February-May : Elsewhere-Late February-early May : Univoltine-One Generation
Habitat: Woodland : Heathland : Gardens
Similar Species:-
  • Blossom Underwing Orthosia miniosa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
  • Common Quaker Ortosia cerasi (Fabricius, 1775)
Larva: Late April-early June. Nocturnal feeder. Hides during the day in larval food plant spun leaves.Colour of larva ranges between grey and green with various lateral lines and a pair of close lines viewed from side with infill between yellow and ruddy brown.
Pupa: Pupates over winter underground in a cocoon.
Overwinters as: Pupa
Observations: This moth can be differentiated from its similar species by its much smaller size and by its lighter colour and plainer markings on the forewings.
The forewings have a narrow reniform stigmate which as the photo below shows if often only partially obvious. The cross lines sometimes are created as a series of fine dots and the forewing ground colour varies from a fawn to ruddy brown in appearance.

The moth has a single generation which is normally between February and May and is a regular to the light trap where it is often found in good numbers.
It is also attracted to sugar and like its cousin to Common Quaker feeds on Sallow catkins.


Photo Gallery
Larva
Larval Food Plants Worldwide
Note - Plants hyperlinked in red below take the visitor to the relevant plant page on"Plants for a Future" website where further information like photos,physical characteristics,habitats,edible uses,medicinal uses,cultivation,propagation,range,height etc. are clearly listed.
  • Plant Families - in bold red below takes the visitor to the relevant "Lepi-plants" page where other butterflies & moths using the plants below are listed.
Larval Food Plants
Taxonomy
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Type Species - ORTHOSIA:

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Type Locality:
Animalia
Eumetozoa
Arthropoda
Hexapoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuoidea
Noctuidae
Hadeninae
Orthosiini
ORTHOSIA Ochsenheimer 1816
Monima Hübner [1821]
Orthosia (Monima) cruda ([Denis & Schiffermüller],1775)
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Noctua instabilis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
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NOCTUA Cruda ([Denis & Schiffermüller]1775)
= Bombyx pulverulenta Esper, 1786
= Bombyx nanus Haworth, 1803.
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Ankündung eines systematischen Werkes von den Schmetterlingen der Wienergegend : Title Page :   p.77 - n.9
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Austria-near Vienna