Pieridae : Pierinae
Black-veined White
APORIA crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758)
Black-veined White
APORIA crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758)
Kind permission - © Tim Norriss
Life Cycle Guide - Europe
Description
Wingspan: 56 - 68mm
Worldwide Distribution: Europe - excluding (Balearic Is.,Canary Is.,Corsica,Crete,Estonia,Gubralter,Ireland,Madeira,Poland,Sardinia) : NW Africa - Morocco,Algeria,Tunisia : Turkey : Cyprus : Israel : Jordan : Lebanon : Syria : NE Iraq : N Iran : Transcaucasia : Asia - 40-70ºN : Japan
UK Distribution: Extinct in Britain
UK Conservation Status -
Habitat: Woodland : Hedgerows : Gardens : Orchards
Similar Species -
Larva: The small larvae live gregariously in silken webs feeding until the autumn. The brood build a far stronger hibernaculum in which they spend the winter. They feed again in April and disperse to complete this cycle and pupate in May.
The 35mm final instar larva has indistinct whitish dorsal line and white spiracular line. The body below the spiracular line is shining grey. Subdorsal lines are shining black with orange markings.The body is covered in white fairly long setae.
Overwinters as: Larva
Observations: This magnificent member of the "white" family was first recorded in Britain way back in the seventeenth century where it could be seen in good numbers in a few regions but sadly was extinct by the 1920's and all attempts to reintroduce the species has failed.
The butterfly was largely found in south and south east England and south -east Wales extending its range northwards as far as Yorkshire. The three major strongholds for this butterfly occurred in east Kent,the New Forest in Hampshire and from the Cotswolds southwards into Somerset and westwards into the Forest of Dean and Glamorgan.
The butterfly has always suffered from extreme fluctuations as it does on the continent today, and although it would breed and survive in a colony for many years it would then die out again.
The last stronghold for this butterfly in this country was in Kent before it mysteriously disappeared even though the site had a plentiful supply of the larval host plant.
The Black-veined White can be found in a wide range from central southern Europe eastwards as far as Japan.
Worldwide Distribution: Europe - excluding (Balearic Is.,Canary Is.,Corsica,Crete,Estonia,Gubralter,Ireland,Madeira,Poland,Sardinia) : NW Africa - Morocco,Algeria,Tunisia : Turkey : Cyprus : Israel : Jordan : Lebanon : Syria : NE Iraq : N Iran : Transcaucasia : Asia - 40-70ºN : Japan
UK Distribution: Extinct in Britain
UK Conservation Status -
- Extinct
- Least Concern
- Papilio crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Papilio crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Sweden
Habitat: Woodland : Hedgerows : Gardens : Orchards
Similar Species -
- None
Larva: The small larvae live gregariously in silken webs feeding until the autumn. The brood build a far stronger hibernaculum in which they spend the winter. They feed again in April and disperse to complete this cycle and pupate in May.
The 35mm final instar larva has indistinct whitish dorsal line and white spiracular line. The body below the spiracular line is shining grey. Subdorsal lines are shining black with orange markings.The body is covered in white fairly long setae.
Overwinters as: Larva
Observations: This magnificent member of the "white" family was first recorded in Britain way back in the seventeenth century where it could be seen in good numbers in a few regions but sadly was extinct by the 1920's and all attempts to reintroduce the species has failed.
The butterfly was largely found in south and south east England and south -east Wales extending its range northwards as far as Yorkshire. The three major strongholds for this butterfly occurred in east Kent,the New Forest in Hampshire and from the Cotswolds southwards into Somerset and westwards into the Forest of Dean and Glamorgan.
The butterfly has always suffered from extreme fluctuations as it does on the continent today, and although it would breed and survive in a colony for many years it would then die out again.
The last stronghold for this butterfly in this country was in Kent before it mysteriously disappeared even though the site had a plentiful supply of the larval host plant.
The Black-veined White can be found in a wide range from central southern Europe eastwards as far as Japan.
Photo Gallery
Ova
Larval Food Plants Worldwide
Note - Plants hyperlinked in red below take the visitor to the relevant plant page on"Plants for a Future" website where further information like photos,physical characteristics,habitats,edible uses,medicinal uses,cultivation,propagation,range,height etc. are clearly listed.
Plant Families - in bold red below takes the visitor to the relevant "Lepi-plants" page where other butterflies & moths using the plants below are listed.
Plant Families - in bold red below takes the visitor to the relevant "Lepi-plants" page where other butterflies & moths using the plants below are listed.
- Ericaceae - Heather Family
- Vaccinium uliginosum - Bog Bilberry - Northern Bilberry
- Vaccinium vitis-idaea - Cowberry
- Fabaceae - Leguminosea - The Pulse - Bean - Pea - Legume Family
- Medicago sativa - Alfalfa
- Rosaceae - The Rose Family
- Chaenomeles speciosa - Japanese Quince, Flowering quince
- Crataegus jozana - No Common Name
- Crataegus laciniata - No Common Name
- Crataegus laevigata - Midland Hawthorn
- Crataegus monogyna - Hawthorn
- Malus micromalus - Midget Crabapple
- Malus pumila - Paradise Apple
- Prunus armeniaca - Apricot
- Prunus avium - Wild Cherry
- Prunus domestica - Bullace - Plum
- Prunus dulcis - Almond
- Prunus mahaleb - Mahaleb Cherry
- Prunus padus - Bird Cherry - Hackberry
- Prunus persica - Peach
- Prunus sibirica - Siberian Apricot
- Prunus spinosa - Blackthorn - Sloe (Britain)
- Prunus ssiori - Japanese Bird Cherry
- Pyrus communis - Wild Pear
- Pyrus serotina - Asian Pear
- Sorbus aucuparia - Mountain Ash - Rowan
- Sorbus hybrida - Swedish Service Tree
- Sorbus intermedia - Swedish Whitebeam
- Salicaceae - Willow Family
- Salix phylicifolia - Tealeaf Willow
Larval Food Plants
|
|
|
|
Taxonomy
|
Kingdom:
Subkingdom: Phylum: Subphylum Class: Order: Superfamily: Family: Subfamily Tribe: Genus: Accepted Species Name: Type Locality APORIA: Original Species Name: Species Names: Literary Ref: Type Locality: Subspecies: |
Animalia
Eumetozoa Arthropoda Hexapoda Insecta Lepidoptera Papilionoidea Pieridae Pierinae Pierini APORIA Hübner 1819 Aporia crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758) - Papilio crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758) - PAPILIO crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758) = Papilio nigronervosus Retzius, 1783 = Aporia crataegi hyalina Röber, 1907 = Aporia crataegi rotunda Eitschberger & Reissinger, 1971 = Aporia crataegi zabulensis de Freina, 1974 = Aporia crataegi pellucida Röber, 1907 = Aporia crataegi rhodinea Hofmann & Eckweiler, 2001 - Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1 : Title page : p.467 - n.57 - Sweden - A. c. crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758) - Nominate Subspecies - Europe, Caucasus,W Siberia A. c. tianschanica Rühl, [1893] - N.Tian-Shan, Inner Tian-Shan, Dzhungarsky Alatau, Ghissar, S.Ghissar, Darvaz, Alai A. c. augusta (Turner, 1905) - Sicily A. c. pellucida Röber, 1907 - Kopet-Dagh A. c. hyalina Röber, 1907 - Taurus A. c. minor (Verity, 1908) - E Pyranees A. c. mauretanica Oberthür, 1909 - Morocco, N.Algeria, Tunisia A. c. meinhardi Krulikovsky, 1909 - Siberia, Altai, Sayan, Transbaikalia, Far East, Kahatka A. c. adherbal Fruhstorfer, 1910 - Kuriles A. c. basanius Fruhstorfer, 1910 - Alpes Maritimes A. c. pseudohippia (Verity, 1911) - Tibet A. c. diluta Verity, 1911 A. c. ussurica Kardakoff, 1928 - Amur, Ussuri A. c. sachalinensis Matsumura, 1925 - Sakhalin A. c. shugnana Sheljuzhko, 1925 - W.Pamirs A. c. angustior (Graves, 1925) A. c. iranica Forster, 1939 - Armenia (highlands), Talysh Mts A. c. rutae Bryk, 1940 - Spain A. c. herodias Hemming, 1941 - Syria A. c. rotunda Eitschberger & Reissinger, 1971 - Italy A. c. gobiensis Forster, 1971 - Mongolia A. c. transitoria Lempke, 1974 - Netherlands A. c. zabulensis de Freina, 1974 - Afghanistan |